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What is Mineral Dispersion?

Have you ever seen the colors of the rainbow coming from deep within a finely cut gem? That effect is known as dispersion or “fire.” Diamonds…

What is Mineral Luster?

Adamantine. Silky. Greasy? Gemologists and mineralogists use these and other evocative terms to describe luster. This simply means how the surface…

Impurity Ions and Mineral Colors

I’ve faced many questions about the element chromium (Cr), the red coloration of minerals, and the gemstone red beryl. One of the…

Mineral Optical Properties

We tend to take light for granted. It’s such a common thing we experience every day. Rarely do we think of the scientific definition of light…

Understanding Chemical Formulas

Step 1: Introduction to Gemology Lesson 3 Back to syllabus The chemical composition of a mineral is a primary aspect of its definition as a species.…